Development of a bioenergetics and population dynamics coupled model: A case study of chub mackerel

A bioenergetics and population dynamics coupled model that includes a full life cycle size/growth-dependent mortality function was developed to better understand stock fluctuations. As an example, the applied chub mackerel ( Scomber japonicus ) as it shows large fluctuations in western North Pacific. The dependency parameters for growth/size were adjusted achieve realistic from 1998 2018. Two types of functions used model: one based on both size growth, other solely size. An increasing trend fluctuation 2010s reproduced simulation by contributions several strong monthly cohorts formed year classes using functions. reproducibility not markedly different between models with two functions, which indicates importance size-dependent mackerel. influence sea surface temperature (SST) chlorophyll- evaluated separately climatological values forcings, results revealed during 1998–2018 mainly controlled , whereas 2010–2014 strongly influenced after 2014 SST. When integrated fishing pressures, showed high pressure hinders recovery stocks, highlighting effective fishery management.